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Sociology Research free essay sample

Sexism is additionally known asâ gender discriminationâ orâ sex segregation, is characterized as bias or separation dependent on sex; or conduct, conditions, or mentalities that encourage generalizations of social jobs dependent on sex. Sexism is a type of separation or degrading dependent on a people sex, with such perspectives being founded on convictions in customary generalizations of sexual orientation jobs. The termâ sexismâ is frequently utilized corresponding to oppression ladies, with regards to man centric society. Sexism includes scorn of or preference towards a sexual orientation all in all or the use of sex generalizations. Sexism is frequently connected with sex matchless quality contentions. Sexual orientation generalizations A 1952 magazine include generalizing ladies drivers. Sexual orientation generalizations are broadly held convictions about the attributes and conduct of ladies and men. Sexual orientation generalizations are enlightening, yet additionally prescriptive convictions about how people ought to be and act. Individuals from either sex who veer off from prescriptive sex generalizations are rebuffed; emphatic ladies, for instance, are called bitches while men who need physical quality are viewed as weaklings. Observational examinations have found generally shared social convictions that men are more socially esteemed and more skillful than ladies all things considered things, just as explicit presumptions that men are better at some specific errands (e. g. , mechanical undertakings) while ladies are better at others (e. g. , sustaining assignments). For example, Fiske and partners reviewed nine assorted examples, from various districts of the United States, and found that individuals from these examples, paying little mind to age, reliably appraised the classification men higher than the class ladies on a multidimensional size of ability. Sexual orientation generalizations can encourage and obstruct scholarly execution. For instance,â stereotype threatâ can lower womens execution on arithmetic tests because of the generalization that ladies have second rate quantitative abilities contrasted and men. Generalizations can likewise influence the evaluations individuals make of their own fitness. Studies found that particular generalizations (e. g. , ladies have lower numerical capacity) influence women’s and men’s view of their capacities (e. g. , in math and science) with the end goal that men survey their own errand capacity higher than ladies performing at a similar level. These one-sided self-appraisals have extensive impacts since they can shape men and women’s instructive and vocation choices. Sex generalizations are once in a while applied at an early age. Different intercessions were inspected remembering the utilization of fiction for testing sexual orientation generalizations. For instance, in an investigation by A. Wing, youngsters were read Bills New Frock by Anne Fine. The substance of the book was talked about with them. Youngsters had the option to verbalize, and think about, their cliché developments of sex and those on the planet on the loose. There was proof of youngsters considering the distinctive treatment that young men and young ladies get, and of homeroom conversation empowering generalizations to be tested. Misogynist and sexually impartial language Research has discovered that the utilization ofâ heâ as a nonexclusive pronoun inspires a lopsided number of male pictures and prohibits musings of ladies in non sex explicit examples. Results likewise recommend that while the pluralâ theyâ functions as a nonexclusive pronoun for the two guys and females, guys may comprehendâ he/sheâ in a way comparable toâ he, asâ heâ usually is put before the scramble andâ sheâ after. This is normally done on the grounds that the wordâ sheâ already contains the wordâ heâ so it is situated after the scramble. It additionally has nothing to do with cliché sexual orientation jobs. Approaching the finish of the twentieth century, there is an ascent in sexually unbiased language in western universes, which is frequently ascribed to the ascent ofâ feminism. Sexually unbiased languageâ is the evasion ofâ gender-explicit occupation titles, non equal utilization, and other use that is considered by some to be misogynist. Supporters guarantee that having genderâ€specific titles and genderâ€specific pronouns either suggests a fundamental predisposition to bar people dependent on their sexual orientation or, in all likelihood as superfluous much of the time as race-explicit pronouns, religion-explicit pronouns, or people stature explicit pronouns. A portion of the individuals who bolster sexual orientation explicit pronouns attest that advancing unbiased language is a sort of semantics infusion itself. Anthropological etymology and sex explicit language Dissimilar to the Indo-European languagesâ in the west, for some otherâ languagesâ around the world,â gender-explicit pronounsâ are an ongoing marvel that happened around the mid twentieth century. Accordingly ofâ colonialism, social insurgency happened in numerous pieces of the world with endeavors to modernize and westernize by including sexual orientation explicit pronouns and quicken lifeless pronouns to nearby dialects. This brought about the circumstance of what wasâ gender-nonpartisan pronounsâ a century prior out of nowhere turning out to be genderâ€specific. (See for example Gender-lack of bias in dialects without syntactic sexual orientation: Turkish. ) Sexual orientation explicit pejorative terms Genderâ€specific pejorative terms scare or damage someone else as a result of their sex. Sexism can be communicated in a pseudoâ€subtle way through the connection of terms which have negative sex situated implicationsâ such as throughâ condescension. Numerous models incorporate swear words. A somewhat obscene model is the uninformative attribution of the term witch for a lady or pixie for a man. In spite of the fact that witch and pixie both have non-chauvinist translations, when they are utilized with regards to a genderâ€specific pejorative term these words become portrayals of misogynist perspectives. The connection among assault and sexism Research into the variables which inspire culprits ofâ rapeâ against a particular sex, for instance, ladies, every now and again uncovers examples of scorn of said sex and delight in exacting mental as well as physical injury, as opposed to sexual intrigue. Specialists have contended that assault isn't the aftereffect of obsessive people, but instead frameworks of male strength, social practices and convictions that generalize and debase ladies. Mary Odem, Jody Clay-Warner and Susan Brownwiller believe misogynist perspectives to be engendered by a progression of fantasies about assault and attackers. They express that in opposition to those legends, attackers frequently plan an assault before they pick a casualty and that associate rapeâ is the most widely recognized type of assault instead of ambush by an outsider. Odem additionally expresses that these assault legends spread misogynist mentalities about men by propagating the idea that men can't control their sexuality. Accordingly toâ acquaintance assault, the Men Can Stop Rape development has been actualized. The US military has begun a comparable development with the slogan My quality is for guarding. Word related sexism Word related sexism alludes to anyâ discriminatoryâ practices, articulations, activities, and so forth dependent on a personsâ sexâ that are available or happen in a spot ofâ employment. One type of word related sexism isâ wage segregation. All things considered, ladies despite everything have 20% to a lesser degree an opportunity to have an occupation and are paid 17% not as much as men. Also, the report expressed: [In] numerous nations, work marketâ discriminationâ †I. e. the inconsistent treatment of similarly gainful people simply because they have a place with a particular gathering †is as yet a urgent factor blowing up incongruities in business and the nature of openings for work [ ] Evidence introduced in this version of the Employment Outlookâ suggests that about 8% of the variety in sex work holes and 30% of the variety in sexual orientation wage holes across OECD nations can be clarified by biased practices in the work advertise. The report likewise found that in spite of the way that practically all OECD nations, including the U. S. have set up hostile to segregation laws, these laws are hard to implement. Sex generalizations Gender rolesâ (or sex jobs) are mentalities and exercises that a general public connects to each sex. A culture that characterizes guys as aspiring and serious urges them to search out places of authority and play group activities. To the degree that females are characterized as respectful and enthusiastic, they are required to be strong partners and snappy to show their emotions. As per the OECD, womens work showcase conduct is impacted by learned social and social qualities that might be thought to victimize ladies (and here and there against men) by generalizing certain work and ways of life as male or female. Further, the OECD contends that womens instructive decisions might be directed, at any rate to some degree, by their desires that [certain] sorts of work openings are not accessible to them, just as by sexual orientation generalizations that are predominant in the public eye. There is a long record of ladies being rejected from investment in numerous callings. Frequently, ladies have picked up section into a formerly male calling just to be confronted with extra hindrances. Elizabeth Blackwell, the primary lady to get a M. D. in the United States and Myra Bradwell, the primary female legal advisor in the state of Illinois, delineate the commonness of ladies being barred from specific callings and the evolving society. Proficient segregation proceeds with today as indicated by examines done by Cornell Universityâ and others. Some have conjectured that sexual orientation inclination has been affecting which logical research gets distributed. This theory corresponds with a test directed at the University of Torontoâ led by Amber Budden. The examination demonstrated that, in

5 Inspiring New Memoirs Coming This Summer

5 Inspiring New Memoirs Coming This Summer Beach reads dont have to be all suspenseful mysteries or sweet romances. This season is also bringing some engrossing new memoirs that will both motivate you and keep you plenty entertained by the pool. Whether youre looking for something to make you laugh or cry, or to debate over with your friends and family, youre sure to find it all in the pages of these five inspiring titles, hitting shelves later this summer: The Pretty One: On Life, Pop Culture, Disability and Other Reasons to Fall in Love with Me  by Keah Brown (August 6) You may know Keah Brown as an outspoken disability rights advocate and the creator of the #DisabledAndCute campaign. In this insightful collection of essays, she delves further into her story, exploring what it was like to grow up with cerebral palsy, her relationship with her able-bodied identical twin, and her love of all things pop culture. Filled with honesty, wit, and plenty of humor, Brown’s reflections open an important conversation about representation and self-love.   Haben: The Deafblind Woman Who Conquered Harvard by Haben Girma (August 6) In this inspiring memoir, Haben Girma takes readers through her journey into becoming the first deafblind person to ever graduate from Harvard Law. She also reflects on how years of navigating her disability in unaccommodating environments helped shape her advocacy, leading her to fight for increased access at Harvard Law, in court, and even at the White House.   The Yellow House by Sarah M.  Broom (August 13) In her debut novel, Sarah M. Broom takes a candid look at her childhood growing up in the once-promising neighborhood of New Orleans East, one of the most neglected areas of the highly visited city, and specifically, the yellow house she and her family lived in for decades. Though the house was destroyed in Hurricane Katrina, its memory has a lasting impact on Broom, which she deftly explores while also reflecting on issues of race and inequality.   All the Wrong Moves: A Memoir About Chess, Love, and Ruining Everything by Sasha Chapin (August 13) Trying to figure out your next move? Sasha Chapin knows all about that, as he writes in this book chronicling his obsessive two-year submersion in the game of chess. After spending months embarking on global travels in search of tournaments, Chapin falls in love and decides to quit in order to commit to his relationshipâ€"after one final high-ranked game, of course. Whether or not you know anything about chess, you’ll be able to relate to Chapin’s quest to find love, excitement, and, above all, his place in the world.   Consent: A Memoir of Unwanted Attention  by Donna Freitas (august 13) In this timely memoir, Donna Freitas continues the conversation around consent by delivering a forensic examination of the years she spent dealing with her own stalkerâ€"a professor whose academic interest in her turned obsessive. While grappling with the long-term emotional consequences of her experiences, Freitas highlights how shame and self-doubt can silence victims, and raises important questions about the real definition of consent.

Cyber Predators And Its Effects On Children - 1593 Words

Introduction: The cyber crime I have chosen is cyber-predators. Cyber predators are individuals who commit sexual abuse that begins or takes place on the Internet. Although the Internet did not create child predators, it has significantly increased the opportunities predators have to meet victims while minimizing detection. They can communicate with children anonymously through instant messaging, social networking sites, chat rooms, message boards, and even cell phones. Online predators do not fit any one mold or stereotype; seemingly upstanding citizens have been caught enticing children for sexual acts. Contrary to popular belief, most online predators are not pedophiles. Pedophiles target pre-pubescent children, while online predators typically target adolescents who engage in risky online behavior. (Wolak J, Finkelhor D, Mitchell K, Ybarra M. 2008). †¢ Describe the type of cybercrime you selected. Predators take advantage of children’s natural vulnerabilities, such as their desire to appear adult or their need for attention. â€Å"Grooming† is the process through which predators play on these vulnerabilities by offering children gifts and attention. It does not happen overnight. Grooming can be a long process that a patient, tenacious predator has planned and perfected to gain a child’s trust. This grooming may lead to the child’s willingness to meet the person with whom he or she is chatting. Offenders will often entice a child into a face-to-face meeting by †¢Show MoreRelatedThe Dangers Our Children Face on the Internet Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pagesmedicine, communication, and entertainment. Our children face an increasing number of dangers on the Internet. Sexual predators, cyber bullying, and pornography are the most prevalent dangers our children face on the Internet; the best way to protect them is to be an involved and informed Parent. Sexual predators on the Internet are a topic that has received lots of attention from the media in recent years. Shows like Datelines: To Catch a Predator have highlighted the issue and shown that it canRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Children And Adolescents1545 Words   |  7 Pages Jada Bragg Ms.Sinsi English 1 June 1, 2015 The Effect of Social Media Using social media websites has become one of the most common activity of today s children and teenagers. A social media site is a website that enables social interaction. Some websites include Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest, Snapchat, and YouTube. These sites present today s youth with entertainment and communication which have increased greatly. Unfortunately, some people who use social media can apply it in a negativeRead MoreEffects Of Social Networking On Youth And Middle Age Adults930 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many effects on social networking. In my research paper, I will explain some of those effects, as well as providing examples. A few social media’s I will be going over will be Instagram, Facebook Twitter. What is social networking? It’s an easier and quick way of communication for the youth middle age adults. From my understanding, social media was built to help people connect outside their normal lives, stay connected with those theyâ€⠄¢ve met thru work, meetings etc. Also, to find peopleRead MoreNegatives Of Anonymity940 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing problem. I hope to increase the awareness of media users on the pros and cons of using anonymity online. While elaborating with Guardian opinion editorial topic of anonymity, I will demonstrate the negative aspect of anonymity; cyberbullying, predators ,and unethical behavior. I will also show the positive aspect that anonymity has on privacy. What is anonymity? Anonymity is being anonymous, meaning the real author is not shown. Anonymity is a way for people to say anything to another individualRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media Essay767 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents’ life and there are many reasons which made me to believe that social media has negative and harmful effects on the students. Social media is insecure because of the online predators and losing privacy. 75% of children are willing to share personal information online about themselves and their family in exchange for goods and services according to the article, â€Å"Online Predators-Statistics† by Pure Sight. It means that a lot of student when they created they create their social account,Read MoreCyber Bullying And Social Media876 Words   |  4 Pagesoff by College age, when scholars are more self-regulating and more developed. Shortage of organization amongst school staff, parents and scholars make cyber- and offline bullying a constant risk to young people s assurance and well-being. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services delivers a much briefer yet wider meaning of the term: â€Å"Cyber bullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology.† It goes on to clarify precisely what is intended by â€Å"electronic technology† as wellRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Teenagers1379 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Media Effect When you were a teenager, did social media impact your life? If not, it certainly has had an impact on the teenagers of America today. Social media has been around for a long time. There are many applications for social media, some of which are Twitter, MySpace, and Facebook. With the rapid evolution of social media, people believe that social media is impacting teenagers in a negative way. However, some believe that there are positive effects. The negative effects of socialRead MoreShould Sex Offenders Be Committed Using Social Media Sites?1540 Words   |  7 Pagesdemonstrating chances of a sexual predator committing a sexual offense while using Facebook. The results from the survey will be compared to the literature research to understand if an average Facebook users participated in the survey have the potential to conduct acts similar to an online sexual predator. This is based on analysis from the ICAC (Internet Crimes Against Children) task force stating some sex offende rs use the privacy and anonymity of the internet to prey on children and teenagers that haveRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Anonymity Online958 Words   |  4 Pagesis a growing problem in today media world. I hope to increase awareness in media users of the pros and cons of using anonymity online. While elaborating with an opinion editorial I will demonstrate the negative aspect of anonymity cyberbullying, predators ,and unethical behavior. I will also show anonymity along the lines of privacy. What is anonymity? Anonymity is being anonymous. Meaning the real author is not shown, anonymity is a way for people to say anything to another individual without havingRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects952 Words   |  4 PagesCyber-bullying is a term that has only gained notoriety in the past few years. Like many things that adapt to their surroundings, cyber-bullying is no exception. As new ways to socialize appear every year, it is a great tool for children and adults alike to communicate with friends and family. However, it can also turn into a tool of terrorization just as easily. The term bullying is usually defined as aggression that is intentionally carried out by one or more individuals and repeatedly targeted

Philosophical Argument ( 400 Words ) - 844 Words

PHILOSOPHICAL ARGUMENT (400 words) According to Sartre (1948, p.1) Existentialism is a principle that renders human life possible, through the affirmation that all truth and action denote an environment and a human subjectivity. A belief that the essence of man precedes that existence which we encounter through experience (Sartre, 1948, p. 3). Existentialism places the full responsibility for one’s existence upon our own shoulders; putting a man in ownership of himself as he is, responsible for his own individuality (Sartre, 1948, p. 3). But he is also responsible for men, as he fashions a certain image of man, as I would have them to be (Sartre, 1948, p. 4). â€Å"I think, therefore I am†, this is the supreme truth of consciousness as it attains to itself (Sartre, 1948, p. 9). Through this man invents and defines himself; this is specifically what Sartre means by ‘freedom’ and provides a connection to understanding ‘selfhood’ (Richey, 2015, p. 8). It is conceivable to be free without having explicit consciousness of our freedom (Vasey, 2010, p. 2). As if a person could simply be who he is, Vasey (2010, p. 8) states then he would be in the present, and the present tense would be just right for capturing his experience, his relationship to both himself and his world. At the core of existentialism, is the absolute character of the free commitment, by which everyone realises his or her selves in comprehending a type of humanity. Such humanity refers to a commitmentShow MoreRelatedHow Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans1696 Words   |  7 Pagesthe beginning of the dark ages and use religion as the impetus for unifying all of Europe. Medieval Europe was a period of European history identified the years 500-1500 the Middle Ages or the Medieval Period. The word medieval came about when early scholars combined the two Latin words medium and aevum, meaning the transition between ancient and modern times. The first 500 years of thi s period are known as the Early Middle Ages or the Dark Ages. They were called the Dark Ages because the level ofRead MoreKant And David Hume Views On The Matter1457 Words   |  6 Pagesscottish philosopher whom had a peaked interest in human nature, had a different philosophical reasoning than those before him. He expresses that inclinations are important and without the ability to express these desires or feelings misery will take place and that misery is classified as false philosophy. Hume forged a distinction between what he calls true and false philosophy. The latter is a source of misery...(Cahn, 400), unlike any philosopher before, he saw the difference in the way philosophyRead Moreapollo 500851 Words   |  4 Pageslatest research regarding the subject area. Liberty University does not necessarily endorse specific personal, religious, philosophical, or political positions found in these resources. III. Additional Materials for Learning A. Computer with internet access (broadband recommended) B. MP3 and Windows media capabilities (iTunes, Windows Media Player, etc.) C. Microsoft Word (Microsoft Office is available at a special discount to Liberty University students.) IV. Measurable Learning OutcomesRead MoreShakespeare Is The Greatest Masterpiece Ever Written? Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"To read or not to read,† that is the question. With each passing year, the philosophical question must be asked, â€Å"Is Shakespeare relevant in the 21st century.† Shakespeare lived over 400 years ago and the English style in which he wrote has changed, making it difficult for new students to read and understand his writings without the use of translation. Shakespeare’s eloquent execution of rhyme and flowing images commands a locution that slips from the tongue like silken cream, and this giftedRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Essays1662 Words   |  7 Pagesaction by convincing themselves that they will act virtuously in the future, in effect, offsetting the vice that they previously indulged in (Khan Dhar, 2007). The study suggests that although the consumer and citizen ‘within us’ approve of the phi losophical idea of a socially responsible firm, that when faced with seductively priced goods, all bets are out the window. Another study titled, â€Å"Licensing Effect in Consumer Choice†, provides another antithesis, proposing that by taking part in previousRead MorePhilosophy And Philosophy Of Philosophy Essay2033 Words   |  9 Pageswhat we have discussed during the time that we have been in this course. It covers the basic ideals of both eastern and western philosophy quite eloquently over the span of just one sentence. However, philosophy is a word that cannot be defined in simply one sentence. Nor is it a word that can be defined broadly to apply to a wide range of people. When it comes to philosophy, everyone has their own ways of studying and practicing, whether they understand and acknowledge that or not. While it may seemRead MoreNew Development Of Contingency Fee Agreements And Damages Based Agreement1566 Words   |  7 Pagesfact that these firms can charge  £110 for a one-word email. Contingency fees, however, help to offset this by providing the public with an affordable alternative. They â€Å"allow individuals who might otherwise be unable to afford legal vindication of their rights to gain access to justice†¦. [and] aid in fulfilling the fundamental ideal of equality before the law†. Although, at first sight, this is an advantage, it nevertheless fuels the philosophical debate regarding whether increases in litigationRead MoreEssay on Revenge and Love in Wuthering Heights1521 Words   |  7 Pageshis domination and maltreatment of Hearton to stick his thumb in the eye of Hindley. While an argument could be made that, Heathcliffs actions toward Cathy are an attempt to win back her favor after being spurned, one would need to look no further than Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s description of Heathcliff’s â€Å"mourning† to see how truly and fundamentally wrong this argument is. While it must be ceded that Heathcliff s peaks words of sorrow, such as â€Å"I cannot live without my life! I cannot live without my soul!† [Ch 16Read MoreThe Problem Of National Self Reliance Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pagesis: how do proponents of liberal economics convince citizens of democracies that systemic level liberalization is beneficial even as those citizens may suffer negative economic consequences at the personal level? From an academic perspective the argument for increasing economic liberalization and the reduction of barriers to trade makes perfect sense. It is difficult for academics and policy makers to sell constituents on such an ephemeral idea. The common sense perspective says that keepingRead MorePhilosophy of Ethics Essay2233 Words   |  9 PagesThe word â€Å"ethics† comes from Greek ethikas meaning character. Today, we use ethics to describe the normative standard of behavior. The history of philosophical ethics has been broken up into five rational methods: Virtue, Traditio nal, Modern, and Post-Modern Ethics. Within these periods, the philosophy of ethics changed along with the changes being made within society. The first rational method is Virtue Ethics. The major philosophers during this period were materialists such as Plato, Aristotle

Death of a Salesman

Death of a Salesman -Characters Essay Willy Loman is destroyed by his own idealsWilly Loman is a travelling salesman who has worked for the Wagner firm for 34 years. He is now 61 years old and his job has been taken off salary and put on commission. He has a family and he boasts to them that he is vital in New England, but in fact he isnt vital anywhere. Willy has many strong beliefs that he strives to achieve. He wants to own his own business and he wants to be bigger than Uncle Charley and especially he wants to be a great success and he tries to emulate Dave Singleman. He wishes to die the Death of a Salesman and have many buyers and salesmen mourn for him. He also tries to be a good father, and husband. However Willys aims in life have been useless as he hasnt really achieved anything. He got fired by Howard, his sons are both failures and they abandoned him in a restaurant toilet. His relationship with his wife is plagued by his guilt for committing adultery. He has to borrow $50 a week from Charley. He cant even keep his mind on one thing for a long time. He cant drive a car. Willy gets so fed up with all of these things that he wants to commit suicide and eventually, he does. This topic suggests that Willys deterioration occurs because the principals he believes in. To a large extent this is true. After 34 years of Willys life, he loses his job. To a normal person under normal circumstances, being retrenched is a time when you feel useless. But for Willy, since everything else is going wrong at the same time, he feels like a useless old man. Willy thought that just because he named his boss, that he would have a secure future with the company but as Charley said them things dont mean anything? You named him Howard, but you cant sell that. Even though Willy wasnt even getting paid a salary, Howard didnt want him to even represent the company in case Willy cracked up again. Although Willy is mostly destroyed by his own ideals there are other things that destroy him as well, like Howard, Happy and Biff. Willy is emotionally destroyed when Howard fires him. Then, both of his sons disown and abandon him in Franks Chop House. Both Happy and Biff left their father talking to himself in the bathroom while they wanted to have a good night out with the girls. That also destroyed Willy because it showed that his sons didnt really care if he lived or died. Willy cant even drive a car though because he cant keep his mind on anything for a long period of time. In the past he has had a few car accidents because his mind keeps wandering Where are you guys, where are you? The woods are burning! I cant drive a car! Willy knows though that he is deteriorating and that nobody can help him except for him. Willy Loman, is indeed a low man. He has a very low self esteem and the only person that really doesnt love him is himself. Willy had great goals (ideals) in practice, but the only thing that he didnt realize is that if he didnt achieve those goals it wouldnt be the end of the world. Willy took it a step to far though, he thought that his life wasnt worth living anymore, therefore Willy Loman was definitely destroyed by his own ideals.

The Human Circulatory System Essays - Angiology,

The Human Circulatory System The human circulatory is one of, if not the, most important system in the body. ?It consists of such organs as the heart, and lungs? (Dunbar 4). ?However every organ and organ system in the body is nourished and kept alive through the use of the circulatory system? (2-4). The main organ in the circulatory system is the heart. ?Basically, the heart is a pump that keeps fresh blood coursing through your body, bringing oxygen and nutrients to all your organs and cells? (2). ?A mathematical description of what the heart accomplishes is astonishing. Your heart keeps approximately ten pints (4.73 liters) of blood constantly circulating through seventy ?five ?thousand miles (one ?hundred ?thousand kilometers) of blood vessels? (2). Those thousands of miles of blood vessels reach every organ in your body. ?Once they reach the organ they deliver much needed oxygen and take away carbon dioxide and other waste products that your body cannot use. This must be done without interruption if you are to remain healthy and alive? (2). ?Every living cell in your body depends on oxygen for life. Any cell deprived of oxygen for more than thirty minutes will die. The cells in your brain are even more dependent on fresh oxygen. If your brain cells are deprived of oxygen for only five seconds it will cause you to become unconscious. If your brain is deprived of oxygen for more than four minutes your brain will die? (2). But where does all of this oxygen come from? , You may ask yourself. The lungs, I believe, are the second most important organs in the circulatory system. For one reason they are the only way for oxygen to be received into the body. It is in the lungs that cells absorb fresh oxygen, and where carbon dioxide is released to be expelled from the body. The transfer of these two gasses takes place in the alveoli in the lungs. ?Alveoli are ?small cavities' or ?air sacs in the lungs'? (Marieb G-2). ?Blood entering the lungs through the pulmonary circulation is dark colored, low on oxygen, and high in carbon dioxide. The blood is pumped by the right side of the heart into the pulmonary arteries, which leads to the lungs. The pulmonary arteries divide into smaller and smaller blood vessels, which ending with pulmonary capillaries in the walls of the alveoli?(World Book L 528). These alveoli are the smallest of a series of cavities in the lungs. ?The lungs are designed to receive air, which enters the body through the mouth or the nose. The air passes through the pharynx and the larynx and enters the airways, beginning with the trachea and then into the two primary bronchi?(World Book L 527). ?After the primary bronchi enter the lungs they subdivide into smaller and smaller branches, called secondary and tertiary bronchi. Finally ending in the smallest of the conducting passageways, the bronchioles. This branching and re-branching is often referred to as the bronchial tree. The bronchioles lead into the respiratory zone structures, even smaller conduits, which eventually terminate in alveoli? (Marieb 380). Unlike the heart, which is made entirely of muscle, the lungs have no muscles in them. ?They are forced to expand and allowed to contract through movements of the ribs and the diaphragm. Like your heartbeat, the rhythmic motion of your lungs expanding and relaxing is a constant process. You can however control your breathi ng to a certain extent. For instance, if you feel like taking a deep breath you can do so instantly. But you cannot make your heart beat faster or slower on impulse. You have the power to hold your breath, but only for a short time. If you hold your breath long enough you will fall into unconsciousness and then resume breathing automatically. The reason behind this is that the muscles that control your breathing are controlled by your body's nervous system? (Dunbar 5). You see if your brain senses that it is not getting enough oxygen it will automatically force you to breath so that you can continue to live. ?William Harvey discovered that blood circulates throughout the body. He could not explain, however, the motion of the heart that makes circulation